Information system of Hanjin shipping

Data arrangement of Hanjin delivering Presentation Delivery by its inclination is a serious and a mind boggling industry. (Martin Stopford, 1997) Shipping organizations need to work on a worldwide scale and oversee workplaces all around the globe and work with a various work power. Trader delivering is one of the most exceptionally managed enterprises on the planet. Consequently data frameworks assume a significant job in the administration of the delivery organization. In this paper we will break down a contextual investigation of how Hanjin transporting utilized data frameworks develop as a main delivery organization. Hanjin is a worldwide transportation and Logistics Company. (Hanjin delivery, 2010).The organization works around 200 boats, for the most part compartment vessels, gas big haulers and mass bearers. Hanjin ships are exchanging around the world. Hanjin transport payload to more than 100million tons a year to 6000 goals around the world. (Hanjin transportation, 2010) Companys deals organize incorporates 200 worldwide bra nch workplaces and 30 organizations. Over all the organization is extending quickly on a worldwide scale and is additionally wandering into new transportation related business. Business issues Hanjin was expanding its worldwide tasks by opening new compartment terminals, purchasing new huge boats, going in collusion with holder lines. Hanjin came up short on the coordinations required to be skilled in the compartment business. Its multi year old ERP frameworks needed usefulness and adaptability required to work such a mind boggling and large association (Oracle 2008). Hanjin comprehended that without start to finish coordinations arrangements they can't contend in compartment business. Hanjin likewise confronted issues controlling acquisition costs and to meet the worldwide administrative prerequisites (Oracle 2008). The information assortment framework was done physically and henceforth it was tedious and inclined to mistakes. Hanjin have a work power of around 4000 which are utilized all around the globe. It was expanding hard for Hanjin to oversee such an enormous and various work power. Answer for Hanjin issues As an answer for the issues Hanjin was looking because of its worldwide development it chose to dispatch Process advancement venture. The procedure development design was to build up cutting edge the board structure and reinforcing its hierarchical abilities. (Supportability report, 2006). The task applied to business procedure and association structure just as the corporate societies dependent on embracing the propelled IT framework. (Maintainability report, 2006, p.27). Hanjin chose to re-engineer their business procedure utilizing best practice models for their ERP frameworks to increase worldwide seriousness. This framework would have been a drawn out arrangement, it won't legitimately appear on monetary record yet it will be stage for propelling new business ventures (Business report 2006). Hanjin additionally chose to move to client based business by guaranteeing great assistance and expanded consumer loyalty. Procedure Innovation Project The procedure advancement venture group was collected in October 2004 and afterward they went through 5 months for mapping the new frameworks and the procedure. The task will be actualized steadily on a bit by bit premise. The procedure advancement venture was to be executed during a time of 3 years. The principle point of procedure development was to be client focused and a gainfulness arranged administration organization. The data framework used to re-in power the authoritative abilities and will set up the administration to be more clients centered. The data framework advancement contracts were given to organizations which were best in the business (Oracle, 2008). ERP was given to ORACLE while others were given to Siebel and Hyperion. During the procedure of undertaking Oracle procured Siebel and Hyperion which brought about consistent incorporation and client care. (Prophet, 2008). Data Systems (ERP) Enterprise Resource arranging: Enterprise framework incorporates the key business forms into single framework. In this framework the progression of data is consistent all through the association (laudon, 2007). Hanjins Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Hanjin coordinated business procedure, for example, money and bookkeeping, capital resource arranging, human asset, obtainment process. They utilized these for smooth progression of data in their inside framework. The companys senior administration was engaged with the activities execution. The Managing chief and CIO of Hanjin Shipping said that To improve our worldwide intensity, we required an IT arrangement that bolstered broad procedure reengineering (Oracle, 2008, pg.1). Hanjin chose to contribute about 57.7 million USD on this undertaking. They normalized the administration and information assortments techniques, rebuilt the progression of information between their business frameworks and arranged a word reference to make it simpler for the staff to follow new framework. As the framework was executed on a bit by bit premise, bit by bit the staff could see the advantages of the framework and they were not strong to changes, however they were will to share data in the middle of v arious divisions. Organization likewise received other best practice rules, for example, preparing and teaching the staff, utilization of programming backing and support. Advantages of Information framework The above graph is clarified utilizing the conventional model of 6Cs for clarifying business benefits. Lower Cost: The e-sourcing framework helped them to acquire items from a rundown of providers and they were profited by serious evaluating which brought about obtainment costs. Cost sparing per client was expanded because of expanded effectiveness (Oracle, 2008). Improved Communication: As the information was solidified into a solitary framework, henceforth staff increased a coordinated perspective on activities (Oracle, 2008). Improved Management Control: New ERP frameworks and re-designing procedure helped in improved business the executives. This gave the chiefs a total perspective on the companys activities and furthermore outfitted the staff with nitty gritty data they required to design, execute and assess complex activities. The directors were additionally ready to settle on choices and guarantee issues were tended to right away. Execution assessment was simpler and could be handily done on a worldwide premise and medium and long haul methodology arranging should be possible because of information accessibility. (Prophet, 2008) New Capability: HR stage helped in improving the productivity of the office. The new framework helped the administrators to see total history of the staff and furthermore dispose of utilizations. This brought about expanded effectiveness of HR staff which could concentrate more on drawing in and holding talented workers and furthermore train them. (Prophet, 2008) Improved Customer Service: Due to its administration organize it could react quicker to clients requests. Point by point deals and promoting plans could be created. (Prophet, 2008) Upper hand: Hanjin got the acknowledgment of a dependable coordinations accomplice. (Manageability report, 2008). In April 2008 Hanjin got the most noteworthy honors in coordinations in Korea. (Manageability report, 2008). Future marketable strategies The task improved the general execution of the organization procedure. In future organization expects to put more in their IT frameworks which plans to supplement their administration frameworks just as front office work. (Business report 2007). As the inside framework execution was finished the organization currently is prepared to create delivering/coordinations related business which will end up being the companys next main thrusts. Counts on their inner framework they are venturing nearer to turn into a Global coordinations organization. They are additionally intending to grow its 3PL (outsider coordinations) business by expanding its worldwide system (Hanjin Shipping, 2008). In accordance with their Process Innovation venture they have additionally propelled another undertaking Knowledge the board. (Maintainability report, 2008) End: The task taken by Hanjin to modify its business procedure by the utilization of data frameworks was deliberately significant. Hanjin is a worldwide association with various capacities, hierarchical levels and numerous business forms; thus ERP framework was the right decision of data framework. This task turned into the base to execute advance business process which supplement their data frameworks and furthermore increment the productivity of the organization. It helped the organization to be more clients centered which is a key procedure in current occasions. They could wander into new parts of business, for example, coordinations. The determination of Oracle and Siebel was additionally right since they were the best in the business. Hanjin settled on right choice by coordinating all frameworks together. The procurement of Siebel and Hyperion by Oracle guaranteed that the frameworks have consistent coordination and ceaseless help. The data frameworks which they utilized were in acco rdance with their business systems which brought about achievement of the undertaking. Reference List: Hanjin delivery, 2008. Hanjin Shipping Steps Closer to Becoming Global Total Logistics Company, [Online] Available at: http://www.hanjin.com/en/news/080513_02.jsp?srv_id=ENGid=080513_02.jspbackUrl=news.jspcurPage=5blockSize=10 [Accessed on fifteenth March 2010]. Hanjin transportation, 2008. 2008 Hanjin transporting business report, [Online] Available at: t http://www.hanjin.com/en/organization/contribute/join/Business_report_2008.pdf [Accessed on fifteenth March 2010]. Hanjin transportation, 2008. Hanjin manageability report 2008, [Online] Available at: http://www.hanjin.com/transfer/2008_gri_en.pdf [Accessed on fifteenth March 2010]. Hanjin transportation, 2006. Hanjin manageability report 2006, [Online] Available at: http://www.hanjin.com/transfer/2006_gri_en.pdf [Accessed on fifteenth March 2010]. Laudon., J, Laudon., K, 2007. The board Information frameworks: Managing the advanced firm. tenth ed. Pearson Education Inc. New Jersey. Stopford., M, 1997. Sea Economics second ed. Routledge: London Prophet, 2008. Hanjin Shipping Improves Business Intelligence, Competitiveness with Integrated Platform, [Online] Available at: http://

Sonnet free essay sample

William Shakespeare †an entertainer, essayist, and writer worked past his abilities and made his own language, composing style, and idyllic method. Shakespeare composed a wealth of pieces, and keeping in mind that thinking of them, he controlled the style, and reproduced his own. Shakespearean style concentrated on an abab cdcd efef gg, rhyme plot, and deferred the goals until the last two lines, with a twelve-two line division. Work 18, by William Shakespeare, communicates his strategy and offers Shakespeare’s on viewpoint with people and Nature. Piece 18 issue is built up in the initial four quatrains, wherein he depicted the excellence of a man to the magnificence of Nature’s summer day. Through the quatrains, Shakespeare summons the suspicion that the man dear to him has perished, but then his magnificence despite everything lives. Through utilization of reiteration and similar sounding word usage, Shakespeare accentuates such thoughts that â€Å"this† sonnet is the answer for the issue †that this bit of craftsmanship is the thing that keeps the man soul everlasting. We will compose a custom exposition test on Work or then again any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Also, â€Å"And† recommended the sentiment of death; since that the lines show the chilliness of death gradually defeating is composition, and his decency started to decrease. The rhyme conspire empowers a stream in the sonnet for his crowd to effortlessly follow and grasp. It’s styled with the end goal that, as the peruser bit by bit advances through the sonnet, they are carried further into the â€Å"awe† in the peak. Shakespeare communicates his sentiments of death through Sonnet 18 †that it is a piece of Nature, and a characteristic event which one ought not lament over, yet recollects the magnificence of. He felt as though to live interminable is to live through craftsmanship, and to live through workmanship communicates life.

Leaving a Conversation When You Have Social Anxiety

Leaving a Conversation When You Have Social Anxiety Social Anxiety Disorder Treatment and Therapy Social Skills Print How to Leave a Conversation When You Have Social Anxiety By Arlin Cuncic Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder and 7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety. Learn about our editorial policy Arlin Cuncic Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on November 08, 2015 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on September 11, 2018 Social Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Klaus Vedfelt / Getty Images People with social anxiety sometimes have trouble leaving conversations. Some of the problems you might experience include: Abruptly leaving due to high anxiety  Staying much longer than you want to because you dont know how to excuse yourself  Generally feeling anxious about the etiquette involved in leaving a conversation Knowing how to leave a conversation can sometimes be just as important as knowing how to join one. Some of the reasons you might want to leave a conversation could include Wanting to excuse yourself to talk with someone elseWanting to  get away from someone who is rudeNeeding to use the bathroom or move on to some other taskWanting to gracefully end a conversation that is winding down anyway There are also numerous settings in which you could find yourself in conversation including: Work or school settingsPartiesCasual gatheringsChance meetings with acquaintancesTelephone conversations Below are steps to successfully leave a conversation. How to Leave a Conversation First, distance yourself physically from the  group or individual. Turn yourself partially away and begin to pull back while still listening to what is being said. Stand up if you have been sitting down and start to use shorter responses to what is being said.Wait for a break in the conversation  and then give your reason for leaving. A trip to the bathroom or to get another drink are good excuses if you dont have another reason to leave.To more easily transition into leaving, you could first summarize what has just been said before you mention that you are leaving. For example, you could say Sounds like you had an amazing trip! Id like to see the photos soon. Unfortunately, Ive got a deadline looming and need to get back to work.Turn and leave. Do not wait for anyone to give you permission and do not look back after you leave. What to Say Perhaps youve got a handle on the steps to end a conversation but still arent sure what exactly to say. Below are some examples of what you might say to end a conversation. Ive got to get going, but its been nice talking. Well, Ill let you get back to your shopping. Take care! Great chatting with you! Im going to try and catch Dave before he heads home. Thanks for the chat. Talk soon (on the phone) I am just going to excuse myself to use the restroom. Maybe we can chat later? Tips Do not feel bad about leaving a conversation. Someone has to do it eventually, and when done right there will be no hurt feelings.In a business setting, make concrete plans about when you will be in contact if appropriate  and shake hands before you leave.If you want to leave because of what the other person is saying, consider taking charge. Ask questions that lead to other areas of conversation. If you are in a group, others may be relieved that someone has changed the topic.In general, it helps to have an idea of how long conversations usually last. While talking with a good friend could go on for hours, most conversations with people you dont know will last less than 10 minutes. Dont feel bad about moving on.If you are really stuck in a one-on-one conversation, consider introducing that person to someone else in the hopes that they will hit it off.Sometimes it is okay to ghost or just leave a conversation quietly without saying anything. This works in a group setting with a large number of people. Research on Social Anxiety and Conversation In a 2015 study of the conversations of individuals with social anxiety, it was shown that deficits in joint action led to being less well-liked. What does this mean? In essence, people with social anxiety tend to contribute less to conversations, specifically by not sharing in the conversation when another person is telling a story. Although you may find yourself itching to walk away from a social encounter, try to slow yourself down before making an exit. Be genuinely interested in what the other person has to say. Ask questions, tell related stories about yourself, and find common ground with the other person.

The Effects Of Rape On Women And Society - 1608 Words

HHoward Olivia Howard ENC1101 (155691) 11/13/15 Impacts of Rape Rape is when a person is forced into sex and does not agree to it. Almost, two-thirds of America’s rape victims know their attacker. According to rccmsc.org, the closer the relationship is, between the victim and the attacker; the greater the likelihood that the incident will not be reported.Rape happens every 107 seconds in The United States of America. Rape has a major impact on women, society and the community, some things that women suffer from are: physical and emotional damage, short and long term stress. Rape can affect the community and society with the costs, the community would have to spend money on crisis and mental health services fees, criminal justice expenses and medical services. It also affects society with the victims losing their jobs because of some physical or mental damage. A woman goes through physical and emotional damage after they have been raped. The immediate physical effects a person can experience after being raped can include bruising, bleeding (vaginal,anal) soreness, difficulty walking and broken or dislocated bones. As an example, an unknown source has severe back pains since her assault in 1994 she stated that;â€Å" To this day I will never know if my back problems were actually caused by the force of the rape or me trying to push him off, I have permanent damage to my back.† Other examples of physical damage that victims have suffered through are damage to theShow MoreRelatedRape Culture And Rape Myths1634 Words   |  7 Pagesgetting raped. In this paper, I will discuss how living in a rape culture affects women and men, how does rape myths affect society and how we can change the negative effects of living in a rape culture and rape myths. In order to understand this, we must first define what rape is. Rape is unwanted sexual attentions or actions that are directed to a person. Rape can happen to anyone but it is most common to happen women. Rape happens to women around the ages of 16-24 and it is â€Å"considered to be at theRead MoreEssay about Rape Culture: Are Women Asking for It?1698 Words   |  7 PagesMerril Smith’s Encycolpedia of Rape defines the term â€Å"rape culture† as â€Å"one in which rape and other sexual violence against women . . . [is] both prevalent and considered the norm† (174). Rape is not a new subject in today’s society, its origins reaching far back into history. What causes rape, though? Is it the primal drive of men to exhibit dominance over all women, or do the women share the blame because of the way they dress, act, or do their makeup? Modern American culture would place the blameRead MoreThe Effects Of Violence Against Women On North American Society1663 Words   |  7 PagesQuestion: How do social norms contribute to the persistence of violence against women in North American society? Inter-disciplinary approach There are many factors that contribute to violence against women. There are obvious factors such as substance abuse by both the abused or the abuser that lead to violence. Cycles of poverty and the stresses that come with economic struggle are known factors in violence as well. Economic struggles inside and outside of the home are stresses and not only doesRead MoreAmerica s Thriving Rape Culture1492 Words   |  6 PagesAmerica’s Thriving Rape Culture America has a proud history of being a country that has many different ethnicities and cultures living within its borders. But one of the most prevalent cultures is one that transcends race or country of origin, rape culture. The term used by modern day feminist and gender activist defines a culture which normalizes rape and sexual assaults because of the deeply rooted societal attitudes towards gender and sexuality. In a rape culture the instances of rape are acceptedRead MoreThe Rape Of Sexual Violence1642 Words   |  7 Pagesto have sex with me again,† â€Å"It’s not a rape if it happens after drinking or taking drugs†: these quotes about rape are few to the numerous myths that circulate society today. 1 out of every 6 American women has been sexually assaulted, yet this statistic is only from victims who come forward (Victims of Sexual Violence: Statistics†). The problem in America today is the â€Å"Rape Culture† in which we live. A Rape Culture is defined as a â€Å"rape prevalent society in which sexual violence is normalized andRead MoreAnalysis Of The Best Selling Book, Asking For It, By Louise O Neill 1291704 Words   |  7 Pagesaccusations that women so commonly get when they have been sexually abused. According to a study done by government officials in the U.K.: â€Å"Focus on Violent Crime and Sexual Offenses: 2013/14†, more than a quarter of the public believe drunk victims of rape or sexual assault are at least partly responsible for what has happened to them. The idea that women contribute in any way to the violation of their bodies is a concept that is so commonly believed by society in this day and age. Young women and men areRead MoreThe Physical and Psychological Effects of Rape on Women Essay976 Words   |  4 Pages The Physical and Psychological Effects of Rape on Women Most people think that rape is about sex but it is not. If rape was about getting sex the person would just go and have sex with someone who wants to give it to them. Paying for sex is better than going out and raping someone. Rape is also called sexual assault. Rape is about having power and control over someone. Rape is defined as one person forcing another person, without his or her consent and using violence or threatening violence, toRead MoreThe Negative Impact of Pornography on Society Essay924 Words   |  4 Pages Pornography is tearing apart the very fabric of our society. Yet Christians are often ignorant of its impact and apathetic about the need to control this menace. Pornography is an $8 billion a year business with close ties to organized crime.The wages of sin are enormous when pornography is involved. Purveyors of pornography reap enormous profits through sales in so-called adult bookstores and viewing of films and live acts at theaters. Pornography involves books, magazines,Read MoreIn The Movies Happens In Real Life Analysis907 Words   |  4 PagesLife Think about the lives of men and women; think about who they are because of their past experiences. Experiences, whether positive or negative, shape every individual, making their lives and personalities unique. Marie Howe writes â€Å"In the Movies† to convey that sexual traumatic experiences permanently, and negatively, impact psychological well-being and security which leads to conflict in other areas of life such as relationships with friends and family. Society plays a huge role in how women’s identitiesRead MoreRape Culture Essay1417 Words   |  6 PagesThe topic that I have chosen to discuss in this paper is the â€Å"rape culture† that occurs on college campuses throughout the United States; and the rationale society uses to normalize this egregious act. Rape culture refers to society’s existing idea that rape or sexual assault is inconsequential and only happens to individuals who behave a certain way. 1 in 5 women have experienced some kind of sexual assault throughout their college career, and most of them know who their assailants are; however

The Battle Over Example Research Paper and How to Win It

The Battle Over Example Research Paper and How to Win It These guidelines will help you in planning how to compose a reaction paper to a documentary. At least in the start, the training is extremely slow. You may easily depend on us to find essay help as we have a tendency to assist and guide the students with the aid of our professional experts. History writing assignments may vary widely--and you must always follow your professor's specific instructions--but the next steps are intended to help no matter what type of history paper you're writing. There's a drawing or sketch. No matter the character of your research if you're writing a paper an outline can help you to not just organize your thoughts but in addition function as the template for your whole paper. Always remember to talk to your instructor if you're writing a paper for a class. Top Example Research Paper Choices If you stop you won't lose any positive aspects. There are various types of care, based on individual needs. In case the service for instance, persons of unsound mind isn't round-the-clock, then it's a shared or single outpatient living, called Assisted Living. The digestive system is crucial to the health and wellness of individuals since it's the most important element that gives natural energy required to for thinking and movement. The cost of an essay is dependent upon the quantity of effort the writer has to exert. A safer and more strategic approach was shown to be more effective in the span of time. You may also do some studying to disco ver more about the points to discuss to be able to present a logical and compelling review. While mobile phone batteries are swapped every couple of decades, your analytics users are going to need changes every single day or sometimes every hour. Example Research Paper at a Glance Ensure you distinguish the important questions from the sub-questions. So, the one thing you must do is simply to organize information you've found and texts you have written for your research. Now there's a list of resources. Our research proves that simply presenting the numbers is insufficient. The Secret to Example Research Paper If you don't know or cannot locate the solution to something, at least be in accord with the solution you use. Successful papers aren't completed in one moment of genius or inspiration, but are developed over a string of steps. You may either opt to support the arguments or ideas in the movie, or concentrate on disputing them. Finding be subjects and the supporting evidence needed to produce your argument is the simple part. Any hypothesis will require proof. Developing your statement in the primary body, you will require some literature sources to refer to. As soon as you own a thesis, you can find that you want to do more research targeted to your particular argument. If you're writing a background synthesis, in some instances it could be appropriate that you offer you an interpretation of the material or have a position (thesis). Based on the approach which you may desire to pursue, there are specific considerations about how to compose a reaction paper to a documentary you ought to make. Some of the greatest research paper introduction samples incorporate primary resources supporting the argument or research of the issue. Our product isn't a virus, the truth is that it's quite the opposite. Regarding, from which angle you have a look at your topic, it is going to reflect unique facets. Example Research Paper Can Be Fun for Everyone Your paper ought to have a title that doesn't just announce the subject of the paper, but gives some indication of your argument. The outline is a brief paragraph, which is made up of three or four sentences and represents your plan of the whole paper. Therefore, it's far better to start with outlining your topic. The function of the outline is to supply you with a blueprint' of the paper and straightforward reference when writing. Although all the referenced information of the Chicago style research paper could be found in the footnotes, there's frequently a demand for students to create their bibliography list too. All you need to do is follow the directions in countless guides on the best way to format an MLA paper. Most professors do not demand a title page, so it's unnecessary unless they specify otherwise. Whether there are any main limitations of your work, you're able to also mention this in brief within the introduction. Besides such, advocating the correct foundations of succeeding can be an essential tool toward such fulfillment. The absolute most important problem faced by student is the shortage of wisdom and skill to research on a specific topic. In the recent decades, the issue of police brutality and excessive use of force has been increasing particularly in the usa.

Creating a Budget Free Essays

Creating a budget is also known as creating a spending plan. It may not be the most entertaining use of your time, but from personal experience it is a must do for anyone who has an income. Have you ever cashed your paycheck and a few weeks later wondering where all the money went? Budgeting and tracking all of your expenditures will graphically illustrate exactly what you are spending your wealth on. We will write a custom essay sample on Creating a Budget or any similar topic only for you Order Now One of my adult children was always coming up short for one thing or another, and would Invariably ask â€Å"Mom can I borrow some money until next pay day? The third time this occurred I agreed to loan the funds on the condition that she sit down with me and create a budget, and further, that she save the receipts for all of her expenditures for one month. It was really an eye opener for her. (She was spending around $200. 00 a month on soda pop alone. ) She started her budget about three years ago and has not had to borrow since†¦ If you are Interested In creating a budget there are some excellent web sites available to assist In the endeavor. How to cite Creating a Budget, Papers

International Marketing Strategies of Hyundai in India free essay sample

The automobile sector of India is no exception and has seen drastic change in the last decade. Some of the largest and successful automobile companies in India are Maruti Suzuki Udyog, Hyundai India ltd, Honda India ltd, Fiat India ltd, etc. the completion in this market is sky high. Therefore to survive in such a competitive market every company needs to provide better services than the competitor with almost of the same price as of the competitor, which is not an easy job to do. The development of this sector is developing the economy of India as a whole, which is why government of India is allowing the foreign automobile companies to enter into Indian market with not many formalities. Competing in the Indian automotive industry is not an easy job as the largest portion of the population is middle class which cannot afford the luxurious vehicles. So, a company needs to analyse the Indian automotive market and should consider the segment strategies carefully. We will write a custom essay sample on International Marketing Strategies of Hyundai in India or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Relying just on one segment of vehicles is very risky in Indian automotive sector. Hyundai Motor India ltd is one of the successful automotive companies in India. It has been successful in winning the hearts of Indian customers and maintains its goodwill in the country. There are many internal and external environment factors which influence the performance of an automotive company. An automobile company should put more focus on the internal factors such as policies, plans or strategies of the company as they can be controlled, on the other hand external factors like government policies, competition, etc cannot be controlled. Hyundai has been able to strengthen its roots in the Indian automobile industry. However it still needs to modify some of its strategies to compete with other big players. 3 | P a g e PREFACE This paper is focussed on the Hyundai Motor India ltd which is one the leading automotive companies in India. This research discusses the growth of Hyundai Motor India in last few years. Also in this research Hyundai Motor India has been compared with the other players in the Indian automobile market to see where it stands. This paper shows which areas Hyundai Motor India needs to put more efforts in order to beat its competitors. They adopted new marketing Strategies to advertise their product in overseas markets such as from the year of 2002, Hyundai became one of the worldwide sponsors of FIFA World Cup and in united states they start giving 10 years or 100000 miles warranty for their manufactured cars. And at present Hyundai motor company is a sixth largest automobile manufacturer of the world and one of the top 100 most valuable brands worldwide. (Wikipedia, 2008) Hyundai philosophy- From the global point of view, Hyundai motor company? s philosophy is to give wealthy nd comfortable lifestyle to people of the world and contributing the harmony and co- 18 | P a g e prosperity with its shareholders, customers, employees and other stakeholders of the automotive industry. As the sprit of creative challenge was visited in the company from beginning, which helps to drive people lifestyle toward modernization and had also solved various challenges for company in business environment. Based on this strength Hyund ai motor company is playing its part to provide wealthy, comfortable, and stylish life style to people. In 2005, Hyundai launched its new corporate vision, which was based on „innovation for humanity? and due to this vision Hyundai motor company had created five core strategies †¢Global orientation- the strategy is to lead in the field of automobile makers, to build trust of people, and become first choice of everyone. †¢New culture creation-to create such an automobile culture among people so that they feel stylish with in there budget and needs. †¢Technical innovation- they had provided new advance technology in their vehicles while keep in mind the needs and mentality of people. Customers moving-they had given importance to customers to create good business culture which attracts more customers towards them. †¢Human respect-by providing environment friendly technology Hyundai had shown great interest in human co-prosperity. (Hyundai Company Website, 2008) 2. 2Research and development facilities As there is lots of competition in automobile industry due to i ts fastest growth and highly competitiveness, manufacturers always tries to provide best and new thing in market and this shorten the product lifecycle of the product. To provide competitive advantage to other competitors and to meet the desires of customers Hyundai motor company had invested in research and development centres in Europe, North America, and Japan. Hyundai motor company? s engineers and researchers always trying to provide stylish, good and quality cars within reasonable prices . they always tries to attract their customers by providing style, comfort and new technologies in their cars which add values in the people lives. Hyundai motor has their research centre named HATCI 19 | P a g e Hyundai America technical centre) was established in 1986 and wholly owned subsidiary of Hyundai motor co. Hyundai had also opened design and technical centre in Irvine and California. Hyundai motor has spent US$ 1. 92 billion on RD for one year in order to introduce four or five new models. (Hyundai motor world) 2. 3Manufacturing facilities and capacity Hyundai has their manufacturing plants all over the world and they are selling their vehicles in 193 countries by around 5000 dealers and showrooms. Hyundai has their manufacturing plant in United States, china, India, and turkey and KIA is also upgrading its plants in china and completed an in Slovakia. In 2006, Hyundai had produce 964,842 units in their overseas plants and in 2005, Hyundai had sold 3715096 units and got the position of sixth largest automaker of the world(Hyundai Company Website, 2008) 2. 4Hyundai motor in India Hyundai motor India is a wholly owned subsidiary of Korea based Hyundai motor company and in India it is second largest and fastest growing car manufacturer presently serving market with 30 variants of passenger cars in 6 segments. Hyundai came to India in 1996 and opened their wholly owned manufacturing plant in Chennai and in 2008 Hyundai had opened second manufacturing plant in India. Company manufacture cars in their plants for both domestic and overseas markets. HMIL is distributing their motor vehicles and providing services to their customers in all over India by their strong network. At present Hyundai motor India is having 230 dealers and 138 service centres in 181 cities of India and planning to increase dealers up to 300 this year. With the opening of new manufacturing plant Hyundai motor? anufacturing capacity increased up to 600,000 units per year. In India Hyundai is having six different models in different segments which includes santro, getz, accent, Verna, elantra, sonata, and Tucson . At present Hyundai only produce passenger cars in India but now Hyundai is going to set commercial vehicles manufacturers plant in India. In 1998 Hyundai motor came in the market with Santro that became India? s largest selling car of India in 2005. ((Hyundai Company Website, 2008) 20 | P a g e 3 LITERATURE REVIEW 21 | P a g e 3. 1â€Å"The factors influences in development of a marketing strategy† . 1. 1Development of a marketing strategy To succeed in market it? s very necessary for an organisation to develop a proper marketing strategy and appropriate planning while introducing a new product. Strategy itself long term planning which is decided by the top management of the company and to develop an effective marketing strategy, organization needs to do a lot of research about market environment which includes targeting profitable customers and to create marketing mix plan and more importantly satisfy the needs of customers as well as make profits for corporation. It is next to impossible for an organisation to stick on same strategies. With the change of environment, organisations need to change their marketing strategies. Marketing strategies of the corporation are different from place to place and country to country. It can also be different by the thinking or mentality of customers. For example some people drink coffee because it keeps them alert and wakeup. But some drink it to relax and view it as a way to socialize (coffee breaks). Sometimes Company could not change their internal strategy but something are not in the hands of company they require changes to meet customers? atisfaction and to get desired output. There is an important issue to be considered by the companies? weather they will standardize its marketing mix strategies or will adopt or customize according to the local environmental structure. Then the question arise that how to build a proper marketing strategy and what are the key element which requires keeping in mind whi le developing marketing strategy. 3. 1. 2Standardization versus localization of international marketing strategy As we see from last four decades most of the companies have started their business in multination and became globalized. So the biggest problem that the companies are facing is standardization versus adaptation. There are lots of researches done on this topic but fails to get an appropriate conclusion. There are lots of factors in decision making when companies get confused that either they go for standardized or adopt the present situation. Whenever a firm decided to approach international markets, they basically got for alternatives to introduce their products (Carter, 1997) No change in product, sell the same product in international markets 22 | P a g e ? Upgrade or modify the product for international markets as per the countries or egion? s need. ? Produce new product for foreign countries. ? Or to fit in all the differences, they can design and introduce one global product. 3. 1. 3Factors encouraging standardization ? Saving of scale in production ? Cost-cutting measure in product R D ? Reduction of cost in marketing ? Make the whole world as one big market ? Global competition 3. 1. 4Factors e ncouraging adaptation ? Incompatible use conditions ? Influence of government and regulatory policies ? Different customer behaviour ? Local competition ? True general market concept ? History 3. 1. 5Standardisation potential of marketing programme These days most of the companies using standardisation tool to build their brand image. The core benefit of standardisation is to sell the same product worldwide which saves large cost in production and marketing. By standardizing marketing mix globally, marketers can make everything very simple but in terms of sales and profit it is consider as a false step of managing the complexities. If we conclude this in general companies are more customers oriented and they are always ready to adapt their mix according to the desire market to meet customer? s needs and to give as best they can to customers. If we look at automobile industry cars may be different by their body colour, shapes or sizes as per local demands but engine could be same in every county. The factors which cause an organisation to adapt according to the local awareness of the country are as follows 23 | P a g e MACRO-ENVIRONMENT Legal regulationsPolitical sensitivityTechnical and social Norms Geographical similarity Stage of life cycle Degree of urbanization Structure ofM A distribution R TechnologyK orientationE T Price sensitivity STANDARDIZATION OF MARKETING PROGRAME Nature of the product PProduct Runiquen Oess D U C TCultural specifici ty International Attitude of INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT Goals of Cost of R D experience corporate mgmt internationalizati Figure 2 Standardization of marketing program source: (CIBS, 1999) 24 | P a g e 3. 1. 6Factors influencing the standardization potential of marketing program Organisation needs to consider all the above factor if they want to design successful marketing mix strategy for global markets, but these factors always different from place to place and to get better result organisations needs to change their strategies as per the local needs, then the adaptation comes in front of standardisation. Companies always consider three sets of factors while deciding which product have to market abroad- targeted market, product and its characteristics and companies resources and policies. Organisations always consider that, is the adaptation of local market is cost worth or beneficial for the company but more or less most of the companies always adapt local responsiveness. These adaptation may includes change in packaging of a product or modify the company? s whole international strategy. While planning and deciding a marketing mix of a company, organisation needs to consider on lots of factors. The first step towards development of a strategy is to scan external and internal environment of the company. These influences include technology, economical, social and political factors on any company. Not only this, organisation? s human and physical resources, reputation, market served and related market share of an organisation are also consider while constructing international strategy of a company. Therefore when a company decide to trade in international markets they have to consider all these issues very carefully to get a desired and better output from their business. It depends upon the organisation that they are going to stick on the standardisation or they find to adapt local responsiveness is more beneficial for their business. 3. 1. 7Interplay of three Cs while developing marketing strategy Due to globalization, the whole world looks like a one local big market. Most of the companies are doing their business in multi nations but every time while doing business in different countries, companies need to design market strategies while considering lots of factors. While designing a market strategy a company have to consider three factors- 25 | P a g e  ¬ Customer – It includes targeted market, customers desires and countries laws and policies  ¬ Competition – it includes completion with local and international brands  ¬ Corporation – it includes company? s own polices, funds and resources These three C plays an important role while developing a fine market strategy and to get better and profitable results. 3. 1. 8Characteristics of good marketing strategy  ¬ Satisfied market definition  ¬ Good combination of corporate strength and market needs Better performance among competitors 3. 1. 9Key elements of marketing strategy development In the development of marketing strategy, customer, corporation, and competitor are interrelated with each other. The best relation and satisfaction from all the factors result to good business output. While developing marketing strategy there are three decisions should have to fallow to get better result:  ¬ Where to compete- it need the description of market where you have to compete either you have to compete whole market or you only have to compete one or more segment. How to compete- it needs the meaning of competing, how to compete either by introducing new product in market or to set up new positions to existing product.  ¬ When to compete-it needs the proper timing for market entry, when you have to enter into the market either being 1st in the market or have to wait for the development of primary demand. 26 | P a g e 3. 1. 10 Key elements of marketing strategy formulation CUSTOMER MARKETING STRATEGY CORPORATIONCOMPETATION Figure 3 Key elements of marketing strategy formulation (Jobber and Fahy, 2006) It is necessary for an organisation to keep in mind the above factors while designing an international marketing strategy. All these factors may differ by countries, regions or by the laws and policies of the nation but without considering all these factors it? s not easy to design good marketing mix strategies. In nut shell to develop a good international marketing strategy, organisation needs to scan all the internal and external environments, they have to consider local responsiveness and the company? s human and physical resources, company? market values, policies and brand reputation while keeping these 3c in mind . Therefore while developing market strategy all the thing should follow and consider for getting the positive response from market. 3. 2Environmental analysis Without scanning and understanding environment, a company cannot intelligently plan for future. Environmental analysis of company is a first and very important step in the development marketing mix of a company. Thus most of the organisation creates a team of specialists to analyse environment before making marketing mix for any market. 27 | P a g e Environment analysis is consist of two parts: 1) external market audit 2) internal marketing audit 3. 2. 1External market audit External market audit means analysing the external factors of the company. To control these factor are not in the hands of company although the marketers can modify marketing mix according to these factors. In contrast managers can modify or reshape marketing mix to influence target market, such an environment is called as macro environment. On the other hand the elements which are totally in control of an organisation come under micro environment. Market environmental analysis helps to develop competitive market strategy and helps to identify future market opportunities and their 28 | P a g e [pic] Figure 4 External market Audit Source : (Wheelen and Hunger, Edition 1) 3. 2. 2Macro environment A market orientated firm looks outer to the environment in which it operates, adapt to gather advantages of rising opportunities and to minimize possible threats. Macro environment consist of number of factors which not only affect company but the other actor of microenvironment. While developing competitive market strategies there are so many factors should eep in mind which may affect performance of an organisation in its market. These factors differ according to markets, customers, laws, countries, and so 29 | P a g e many things but according to management terms PEST is a best model to assist external environment of an organisation. PEST stands for political, economical, social and technological factors. There is another model also f or the assessment of external environment it includes same factors but just two new factors added in that these are environmental and legal factors and it is called as PESTEL. PESTLE analysis is a best business measurement tool for analysing external factors of the organisation and we are using this one in our research. PESTLE ANALYSIS Political factor -Government polices -leadership style -international relations -taxation policies -political groups -inter-country relationships -international or national pressure group countries political issues -trade union powers -foreign trade laws -trade union laws -wars ,conflicts, terrorism Economical factors -inflation rates -specific industry factors -international trade and monetary policies -cash flow within country -unemployment and job growth exchange rates -finance within the country -production level -energy cost 30 | P a g e | | | |Social/culture factor |Technological factor | | | | | | | |-people? lifestyles |-technological development and research funding | | | | |-technology access, licensing , patents | |-education | | | | | | |-advance information technology | |-media views | | | | | | |- product life cycle | |-consumer attitudes, opinion, trends and buying access | | | | | |-diversification, fads, and lifestyle changes |-joint ventures | | | | |-demographic | | | |-e-learning, m-learning, emails, and software changes | | | | |-staff attitude and management style | | |Legal factors |Environmental factor | | | | | | | |-current company laws at home country market |-environmental issues-international, national, local | | | |-future legislations |-environmental laws | | | | | | | |-employment laws |-staff attitude, management style, organisational culture ,etc | | | | | |-market and stakeholders/investors values | |-trade union laws | | | | | | |-EU based factors | |-international business laws | | | | | | | | |-competitive regulations | | Table 1 PESTEL analysis for environmental scanning- (Wilson and Gilligan, 1998) 31 | P a g e 3. 2. 3Micro environment Microenvironment acts as an environment that affects the capacity of the organisation to operate effectively and efficiently in i ts selected market. Modification of these elements of environment is totally in the hands organisation. Microenvironment is the set of factors and forces which influence on marketing opportunities of particular enterprise, its customer, competitors, suppliers, intermediaries, and other contact audience. It includes the strengths and weaknesses of the organization, there physical and human resources, buyers, sellers, competitors and distribution channels of the company. The nature of microenvironment is considered as very important function of the microenvironment. It is very important for marketers to deal with all these situations to develop an efficient market strategy. 32 | P a g e 3. 2. 4Porter’s approach The competitive strategy is the firm? relative positions within the industry. Buying power of buyers and suppliers their bargaining power and the threats of new entrants and substitutes in the market. These all may be more less all depend upon the nature of industry you are dealing with. The state of competition in an industry is the effect of five forces as shown below. It is very difficult for a company to operate business activities in perfectly competitive industry with a no difficulty of entry, as weaker the effect of five forces on the market more opportunities for industry will come out. Threat of New entrants Industry competitor Bargaining power of suppliers Intensity of rivalry Bargaining power of customers Threat of substitute product or services Figure 5- Porter? s five force model source- (Jobber and Fahy, 2006) 33 | P a g e 3. 2. 5Internal market audit Internal marketing audit is all about analysing the issues inside the company and to find the way to cover up from them. So if we talk product standardization of the company, internal marketing environment also plays a major role in the process of decision making of company? s strategies. There are some factors below in internal market environment which effect decision making policy of a company: -Company? s own reputation in market -Company? international goals -Cost and R D -Company? s physical and human resources -Companies own policies and ethics When a company decide to go globalized, company have to decide their brand image. How they want to appear in international market, do they have enough recourse to maintain brand image, how do company design price and promotion strategies and where company wa nt to be after few years company? s aim mission and vision. 3. 2. 6Market Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning After analysing internal and external environment, company needs to analyse market segmentation so that the company can position themselves to serve targeted market. Market segmentation refers to the process of dividing a market into meaningful, relatively, similar, and identifiable segments or groups and Targeting is selecting one or more market segments for which an organisation designs, implements, and maintains distinctive marketing manner (Lamb, Hair et al. , 2005). In today? s epoch, the concept of STP is a tool to get desire result in the business in very efficient manner but there are still so many companies who do not show such believe in this concept. If we consider past researches on this concepts it shows that the organisation segmentation of market always play a major role in the success story of any company. Figure below show the eight stages of STP process in a very efficient manner. (Wilson and Gilligan, 1998) 34 | P a g e Situation analysis: Identify the organisation’s current position, capabilities, objectives and constraints. Market segmentation: †¢Identify the segmentation of variables and segment of the markets. à ¢â‚¬ ¢Develop profiles of each segment. Market targeting: †¢Evaluate the potential and attractiveness of each segment. †¢Select the target segment(s). Product positioning: †¢Identify the positioning concept within each target segment. †¢Select and develop the appropriate positioning concepts. The marketing mix: †¢Develop the marketing mix strategy. Table 2 stages of the segmentation, targeting and positioning process source- (Wilson and Gilligan, 1998) 35 | P a g e Market segmentation Market segment is a subgroup of people or organization sharing one or more characteristics that cause them to have similar product†(Lamb, Hair, McDaniel, 4th edition). Everyone in this world, it may be individual or organisation all comes under a market segment because they are only one of their kinds. As every human or organization have some similar characteristics among them, so the market segmentation helps marketers to identify and divide segments or groups in a very meaningful and respectable manner. It is the process of dividing a diverse market into a number of small sub-markets of common characteristics, so that they make marketing mix plan according to the nature of market and serve them efficiently. All the steps in segmenting a market is discuss in figure below: Select a market or product category for study. Choose basis or bases for segmenti ng the market. Select segment ation descripto rs. Profile and analyze segme nts Select target marke ts. Design, implemen t, and maintain appropria te marketing Steps in segmenting a market and subsequent activities (Lamb, Hair et al. , 2005) The core benefit of market segmentation drives a company to get hold and strengthen its position in market so that company can work more effectively and become a threat for their competitor. Beside these entire things this also provides a great knowledge about market and customer? s choice. There are three major approaches to marketing strategies which are: -Undifferentiated Marketing -Differentiated marketing -Focused marketing 36 | P a g e -Customized marketing 3. 2. 6. 1Undifferentiated marketing In this approach firms view whole market as one big market without any individual segments. These companies have a vision that the cost of developing separate marketing mix for different segments is much more useful then the gain occurs by meeting customer needs more closely. Mainly company with no completion adopt this kind of approach and develop same marketing mix for all the segments. Microsoft and coca-cola are the best example of this approach. 3. 2. 6. Differentiated marketing Differentiated marketing approach is very well- known market targeting strategy in cars, cosmetics, and fashion retailing industries. In this kind of approach company develops specific marketing mixes to meet with all or some of the market segments mainly when marketing segmentation expose sev eral potential targets. A cost economy is the one on of the potential drawback of this approach. 3. 2. 6. 3Focused marketing When a company identify lots of segments in market, it? s not necessary for the company to serve them all, depending on the company and nature of business that to which segment they want to target. Instead of targeting unattractive or non- profitable segment company target only one market and develop marketing mix for that. 3. 2. 6. Customized marketing In this type of approach the individual requirement of the customer is very rare but their purchasing power is more than sufficient that company can create different marketing mix for each customer. For example advertising and marketing research agencies, architects, solicitors. 37 | P a g e Undifferentiated marketing MARKETING MIXWHOLE MARKET Differentiated marketing MARKETING MIX 1Segment 1 MARKETING MIX 2Segment 2 MARKETING MIX MARKETING MIX 3 Segment 3 Customized marketing MARKETING MIX 1Customer 1 MARKET ING MIX 2Customer 2 MARKETING MIX 3Customer 3 Figure 6 Target marketing strategies source (Lamb, Hair et al. , 2005) 38 | P a g e 3. 2. 7Market segmentation approach Different markets are segmented in different ways; market segmentation is all depend upon the nature of business and strategy builders of the company. Marketers have to decide where they can find potential of company? s growth. After studying and analysing market, organisations have made the best segments to take the customers in to concern. If we talk about car industry, this market has a variety of segments. Whole market is split into different segments by their sizes, technical, or class to satisfy customers. When a company wants to launch its product in market the first thing they consider is segmented market and in car industry it is normally categorized with the following descriptions. CATEGORY |DESCRIPTIONS | |A |MINI CARS | |B |SMALL CARS | |C |LOWER MEDIUM CARS | |D |UPPER MEDIUM CARS | |E |EXECUTIVE CARS | |F |LUXURY CARS | |G |CABRIOLETS | |J |SPORTS UTILITY VEHICLES | |M |MINI VANS | |S |SPORT COUPES | | | | Table 3 Categorization of cars source- (Rawel, 2005) 39 | P a g e 3. 2. 7. 1Criteria for successful segmentation After segmenting a market, if a company want to determine whether company has properly segmented its market, five criteria are mainly consider: -Effective -Measurable -Accessible -Actionable -Profitable 3. 2. Target marketing Once the identification and selection of best market segmentation is done by marketer, the next step is to target market. By targeting a market company decide choice of particular market segment to serve customers efficiently so that they can meet the criteria of that particular segment. Before targeting any market a company need to consider some issues like organization? s objective and there physical and human resources ,structural attractiveness , size and growth potential of each segment. Organisation needs to evaluate their segments while considering all the criteria of successful segmentation. By evaluating segments, company gets the choice to enter into one or more segments and target market is the decision making moment for company to decide what and how many market segment in which to compete. 3. 2. 9Positioning After marketing segmentation and target market we come to 3rd important aspect of marketing management process. It is one of the most important and challenging aspect of marketing called as positioning. â€Å"The act of designing the company? s offering so that it occupies a meaningful and distinct position in the target customer? s mind. † (Jobber and Fahy, 2006) Positioning is all about holding a position in customer? s mind, so if customer thinks about such need the first image comes in his mind is your brand name. Positioning is a process of designing an image and value in customer? mind so that they can seek and ensure solution only from your brand rather then your competitor. For example if we talk about car industry, Volvo got a prestige image of s afest car in the world, Porsche 40 | P a g e got image of fastest car in the word so if we think about these needs these are the product which are going to come in mind first. Once the positioning strategy is decided then the next challenge is to develop successful positioning and the keys for successful positioning is described in figure below: [pic] Figure 7Keys to successful positioning (Jobber and Fahy, 2006) 41 | P a g e 3. 3MARKETING MIX STRATEGIES 3. 3. 1Marketing mix Marketing mix is defined as a tool used to reach company? objectives and goals in the target market. After analysing internal and external market, segmenting the market, targeting market, the next big and important step in formulation of marketing strategy is marketing mix. The marketing mix is a term used to describe the combination of tactics used by a business to achieve its objectives by marketing its products or services effectively to a particular target customer group. (Charted Institute of Marketing, 200 1) After knowing the target market, next task is then to describe what the target buys. The target buys a product at a place for a price after promotion brings it to the attention of the target market. Your marketing effort will not be centred around advertising alone because all components of marketing programs are essential, these components are generally known as the marketing mix, which are product, price, place, promotion. An effective marketing mix create effective product image in the minds of customers and also led company to be in the position to meet the needs and desires of the target market. Without having a good balance between the components of marketing mix, it? s very tough for any company to serve target market efficiently (Compucanada, 2008). Marketing mix is a mixture of marketing tools that are used to satisfy customers and company objectives. It is a framework for tactical management of the customer relationship, including product, place, price, promotion (the 4-Ps); but in the case of service three more elements are included in this model these are process, people, and physical evidence. (Jobber and Fahy, 2006) 3. 3. 2Components of marketing mix After a long time it is still the matter of debate that is marketing mix is consist of four, seven or ten elements. In general we consider there are only four Ps in marketing mix but if we talk about service sectors there are seven and ten in corporate marketing mix. 42 | P a g e Marketing mix is a framework which guides marketers to implement their marketing concept successfully. In general there is four component product, place, price and promotion that play a major role in decision making areas of company to at least satisfy customer? s need. According to (Kotler, 1998) The mix is a set of controllable tactical marketing tools that the firm blends to produce the response it wants in the target market. So by the effective mixture of element of marketing mix will led company to successfully achieve their marketing objectives. 3. 3. 3The 4-Ps of marketing The traditional marketing mix is consisting of four major elements, the â€Å"4-Ps of marketing†. These are defined below: 1. Product: â€Å"Anything that can be offered to a market for attention, acquisition, use or consumption that might satisfy a want or need. It includes physical objects, services, places, organizations and ideas†. (Kotler, 1999) 2. Price: whatever values customers exchange while using any product or services is called as price. Usually it is the amount of money but it may be in different forms as well. 3. Promotion: Any activities that communicate advantages of the product or services to the target market and make insist customers to buy that product. 4. Place: where ever company offer their product or services to targeted customers. It represents the location where customers can buys product or services. (Centre, 2008a) As this dissertation is focused on automobile sector, so in this sector there is the need for marketing mix of product and services as well. They sell cars to customers as a product and processing the product till it reaches the customer, after sale services as the services to customers. These days almost every company is stressing on providing excellent service to customers and making service marketing mix because it helps company to compete in the fast competitive environment and build long term contact/relation with customers by providing best value to satisfy their needs better than competition. So in service marketing mix we consider three more elements and these elements are: The 7-Ps of services marketing 43 | P a g e 1. People: anyone who is directly or indirectly related to the consumption of service comes under people, e. g. employees or other consumers. 2. Process: â€Å"this is the procedure mechanisms and flow of activities by which a service is acquired. (Jobber and Fahy, 2006)Process decisions totally influence on how a service is provided to customers. 3. Physical evidence: the environment in which service is delivered which includes tangible goods and they help them to communicate and perform the service. The seven Ps are the factors that marketing can control, for better than as in internal and external marketing environment. The main aim of these factors is to make marketing mix strategies while keeping all these elements so that the company will get positive response. So these some elements of seven Ps which can be consider while decision making process as below: Product decisions: -Brand name and Functionality -Styling, quality and safety -Packaging -Repairs and support -Warranty Accessories and services Price decisions: -Pricing strategy (skim, penetration, etc) -Suggested retail price -Volume discounts and wholesale pricing -Cash and early payment discount -Seasonal pricing and Bundling -Price flexibility and discrimination Place decisions: -Distribution channel and market coverage -Specific channel members 44 | P a g e -Inventory and warehousing management -Distribution centres -Order processing and transportation -Reverse logistics Promotional decisions: -Promotional and advertising strategy -Personal selling, sales pr omotions and sales force -Public relations and publicity -Marketing communications budget (centre, 2008b) People decisions: -Employee selection -Employee training -Employee motivation Physical evidence: †¢Layout, decor and ease of access †¢Forms of presentation Process management: How customers are handled and managed the point of very first contact with the organization though to the point of very last contact. Product: The term Product doest only refer to physical goods but it includes intangible stuff as well that could be services or good? s packaging, warranty, after-sale services, brand name, company image, value and many more factors. It depend upon business to business that what they are offering to their customers, e. g. oca cola sells their cold drink as a physical good and Barclays bank sells financial services which are purely 45 | P a g e intangible but if u recognize they both are selling their brand name, company image, values and many more factors. Basically there are three levels of product: †¢Core product †¢Actual product †¢Augmented product(Mar keting Teacher, 2008) Core product: core product is intangible, not a physical product. No one can touch it, because core product is the benefit of the product. It is the benefit that makes that product valuable to customers. In case of car, convenience of transportation, speed of the car is the core benefit of car.